80 HzMidbass floor
250 HzMB / MR crossover
1 kHzMidrange mid
2.5 kHzMR / TW crossover
8 kHzTweeter mid
16 kHzTweeter top
MIDBASS — 6.5" Door Panel
Range: 80 Hz – 250 Hz
Location: Left & right door panels
Mount: In-plane with door skin
Fires: Horizontally into cabin
Both seats receive equal coverage. In-plane mount maximizes spread.
Location: Left & right door panels
Mount: In-plane with door skin
Fires: Horizontally into cabin
80 Hz W/D ~26× (~76°) OMNIDIRECTIONAL
250 Hz W/D ~8× (~62°) VERY WIDE
NO BEAMING IN THIS RANGEBoth seats receive equal coverage. In-plane mount maximizes spread.
MIDRANGE — 2.5" Dash Corners
Range: 250 Hz – 2,500 Hz
Location: Left & right dash corners
Mount: Fires upward at windshield
Reflect: Glass disperses to seats
Smaller cone stays wider longer. Windshield bounce expands staging.
Location: Left & right dash corners
Mount: Fires upward at windshield
Reflect: Glass disperses to seats
250 Hz W/D ~22× (~76°) OMNIDIRECTIONAL
1 kHz W/D ~5.4× (~44°) WIDE
2.5 kHz W/D ~2.2× (~30°) NARROWING
CROSS BEFORE 2.5 kHzSmaller cone stays wider longer. Windshield bounce expands staging.
TWEETER — 1" A-Pillar
Range: 2,500 Hz – 20 kHz
Location: A-pillar, left & right
Aim: Between driver & passenger
Mount: Angled below ear level
Center aim = both seats in pattern. Only on-axis ear gets the top end.
Location: A-pillar, left & right
Aim: Between driver & passenger
Mount: Angled below ear level
2.5 kHz W/D ~5.4× (~44°) WIDE
8 kHz W/D ~1.7× (~22°) NARROWING
16 kHz W/D ~0.85× (~11°) BEAMING
AIM ANGLE IS EVERYTHINGCenter aim = both seats in pattern. Only on-axis ear gets the top end.
PHANTOM CENTER — L + R
Center image = identical L+R content arriving in phase at the listener.
Wide coverage
Both channels reach both ears
Stable, locked phantom center Beaming or mis-aim
One side arrives stronger
Image wanders off-center = rock-solid phantom center.
Both channels reach both ears
Stable, locked phantom center Beaming or mis-aim
One side arrives stronger
Image wanders off-center = rock-solid phantom center.
W/D RATIO → DISPERSION PATTERN
W ≥ 4DOmnidirectional (130°+)
W = 2DWide (~100°)
W = 1.5DModerate (~70°)
W = DBeaming (~44°)
W = 0.5DSevere beam (~24°)
80 HzMidbass floor
1 kHzMidbass mid
3,850 HzMB / TW crossover
8 kHzTweeter mid
16 kHzTweeter top
MIDBASS — 6.5" Door Panel
Range: 80 Hz – 3,850 Hz
Location: Left & right door panels
Mount: In-plane with door skin
Fires: Horizontally into cabin
Cone directivity is the primary trade-off in a 2-way design. Time alignment and listening position matter most.
Location: Left & right door panels
Mount: In-plane with door skin
Fires: Horizontally into cabin
80 Hz W/D ~26× (~76°) OMNIDIRECTIONAL
1 kHz W/D ~2.1× (~30°) NARROWING
3.85 kHz W/D ~0.55× (~10°) BEAMING
BEAMING WELL BEFORE XOCone directivity is the primary trade-off in a 2-way design. Time alignment and listening position matter most.
TWEETER — 1.5" A-Pillar
Range: 3,850 Hz – 20 kHz
Location: A-pillar, left & right
Aim: Between driver & passenger
Mount: Angled below ear level
Larger dome = narrower pattern above 5 kHz. Precise aim between seats is essential for shared coverage.
Location: A-pillar, left & right
Aim: Between driver & passenger
Mount: Angled below ear level
3.85 kHz W/D ~2.3× (~34°) WIDE
8 kHz W/D ~1.1× (~16°) NARROWING
16 kHz W/D ~0.56× (~8°) SEVERE BEAM
AIM ANGLE IS CRITICALLarger dome = narrower pattern above 5 kHz. Precise aim between seats is essential for shared coverage.
PHANTOM CENTER — L + R
Center image = identical L+R content arriving in phase at the listener.
Wide coverage
Both channels reach both ears
Stable, locked phantom center Beaming or mis-aim
One side arrives stronger
Image wanders off-center = rock-solid phantom center.
Both channels reach both ears
Stable, locked phantom center Beaming or mis-aim
One side arrives stronger
Image wanders off-center = rock-solid phantom center.
2-WAY TRADE-OFF
A 2-way system is simpler and more phase-coherent, but the 6.5" is already beaming hard by 1 kHz.
Advantages
Single XO point — easier to align
Fewer components, less wiring
Simpler DSP configuration Trade-offs
6.5" beams above ~1 kHz
Only on-axis listener gets full presence
3-way spreads this load across 3 drivers
Single XO point — easier to align
Fewer components, less wiring
Simpler DSP configuration Trade-offs
6.5" beams above ~1 kHz
Only on-axis listener gets full presence
3-way spreads this load across 3 drivers
W/D RATIO → DISPERSION PATTERN
W ≥ 4DOmnidirectional (130°+)
W = 2DWide (~100°)
W = 1.5DModerate (~70°)
W = DBeaming (~44°)
W = 0.5DSevere beam (~24°)
W = Wavelength | D = Cone Diameter | Arc angles are illustrative approximations based on W/D ratio thresholds | norcalrep.com